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A History of the Tarot

A History of the Tarot
A History of the Tarot

Tarot Mythology: The Surprising Origins of the World’s Most Misunderstood Cards [1]

“The subjects took on more and more esoteric meaning,” says Wolf, “but they generally maintained the traditional tarot structure of four suits of pip cards [similar to the numbered cards in a normal playing-card deck], corresponding court cards, and the additional trump cards, with a Fool.” Very informative post, I love Tarot history and have been collecting decks for about 40 yrs – Recently I’ve been enjoying the Sola Busca Tarot (Northern Italy, 1491 ca.) – just got one of the few rare decks left that were created as exact replicas of the originals (recreated by Wolfgang Mayer, 1998). “There’s a lot of friction between tarot historians and card readers about the origins and purpose of tarot cards.”

In reality, tarot cards predated the presence of Gypsies in Europe, who actually came from Asia rather than Africa. Understanding the history of the cards gives me a insight into the richness of the tarot cards..

Tarot Mythology: The Surprising Origins of the World's Most Misunderstood Cards
Tarot Mythology: The Surprising Origins of the World’s Most Misunderstood Cards

A Brief History of Tarot [2]

Other Religions New Age / Metaphysical A Brief History of Tarot Share Flipboard Email Print Early Tarot cards were more for entertainment than divination. Although methods of reading the Tarot have changed over the years, and many readers adopt their own unique style to the traditional meanings of a layout, in general, the cards themselves haven’t changed much.

French & Italian Tarot The ancestors of what we today know as Tarot cards can be traced back to around the late fourteenth century. Now, over a hundred years since the release of the Rider-Waite deck, Tarot cards are available in a practically endless selection of designs.

A Brief History of Tarot
A Brief History of Tarot

Wikipedia [3]

Aleister Crowley, who devised the Thoth deck along with Lady Frieda Harris, stated of the tarot: “The origin of this pack of cards is very obscure. The oldest surviving tarot cards are the 15 or so Visconti-Sforza tarot decks painted in the mid-15th century for the rulers of the Duchy of Milan.[17] A lost tarot-like pack was commissioned by Duke Filippo Maria Visconti and described by Martiano da Tortona probably between 1418 and 1425, since the painter he mentions, Michelino da Besozzo, returned to Milan in 1418, while Martiano himself died in 1425. An entire false history and false interpretation of the Tarot pack was concocted by the occultists; and it is all but universally believed”.[4]

Depending on the game, the Fool may act as the top trump or may be played to avoid following suit.[2] These tarot cards are still used throughout much of Europe to play conventional card games. Tarot cards, then known as tarocchi, first appeared in Ferrara and Milan in northern Italy, with a Fool and 21 trumps (then called trionfi) being added to the standard Italian pack of four suits: batons, coins, cups and swords.[6] Scholarship has established that the early European cards were probably based on the Egyptian Mamluk deck which followed the invention of paper from Asia into Western Europe and was invented in or before the 14th century.[7] By the late 1300’s Europeans were producing their own cards, the earliest patterns being based on the Mamluk deck but with variations to the suit symbols and court cards.[7]

Wikipedia
Wikipedia

The Spellbinding History of Tarot Cards, From a Mainstream Card Game to a Magical Ritual [4]

Want to learn more about the magic of tarot cards? Here, we take a closer look at the unique practice, including its fascinating etymology, spellbinding history, and contemporary ritual. In 1789, Alliette produced a new deck of tarot cards intended solely for supernatural use. This movement was led by French occultist Jean-Baptiste Alliette, or Etteilla, whose book Etteilla, ou manière de se récréer avec un jeu de cartes (“Etteilla, or a Way to Entertain Yourself With a Deck of Cards”) unreliably linked the tarot to ancient Egyptian texts.

Ultimately, whether you want to take up tarot as a mystical hobby or as a means of having some superstitious fun, let this bit of history and quick contemporary ritual be your guides! By the turn of the 20th century, tarot cards—particularly the Tarot of Marseilles—were so entwined with the occult that the Tarot Nouveau, a deck used solely for playing rather than predicting, was created.

The Spellbinding History of Tarot Cards, From a Mainstream Card Game to a Magical Ritual
The Spellbinding History of Tarot Cards, From a Mainstream Card Game to a Magical Ritual

The Complete History of Tarot Cards [5]

These cards were only painted for the wealthiest members of the society which often looked for talented artists and paid them to create their personalized deck of tarot cards that featured their family member and their closest friends. Seeing the beginnings of tarot cards, we can notice that in the English-speaking countries, the tarot cards were not used as playing cards and their purpose was solely for divinatory. Seeing all of this, it creates a spark in our curious side as we want to take a look at the beginning of tarot cards and really grasp the idea of their popularity in the modern world.

That is the sole reason why we have decided on creating a complete historical guide of the tarot cards. Seeing how tarot cards progressed from simple playing card games to a fortune reading purpose we have nothing but appreciation to the outstanding meanings and design of the cards themselves.

The Complete History of Tarot Cards
The Complete History of Tarot Cards

A Renaissance Riddle: The Sola Busca Tarot Deck (1491) [6]

The Latin motto TRAHOR FATIS (I am drawn by Fate) appears but four times in the Tarot masterpiece of the Italian Renaissance, the Sola Busca deck, and yet it hangs unmistakably over the cards’ entire colorful procession of ancient Greek and Roman heroes. When the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage in Milan purchased the Sola Busca tarot deck in 2009, it had existed for five hundred years, and yet had barely ever been seen — a very strange thing for a deck of playing cards.

In 1909, when Arthur Edward Waite commissioned artist Pamela Colman–Smith to illustrate his The Pictorial Key to the Tarot (1910), she drew inspiration — and for nearly a dozen cards, the exact imagery — from the Sola Busca deck, black-and-white photographs of which were exhibited at the British Museum in 1908.

A Renaissance Riddle: The Sola Busca Tarot Deck (1491)
A Renaissance Riddle: The Sola Busca Tarot Deck (1491)

History of Tarot Cards [7]

This misconception was later proved wrong and soon the correct origination of tarot cards was introduced by the French and the British. He says that at first there was no concept of showing the tarot cards but then this concept evolved gradually that these cards were considered as tarot cards. Many people perceived that the tarot cards originated from the ancient history of Egypt.

And, they learned this from the Islamic societies who used tarot cards hundreds of centuries before the Europeans. They thought that these cards originated from the burning books and libraries of Egyptian History.

History of Tarot Cards
History of Tarot Cards

Before Fortune-Telling: The History and Structure of Tarot Cards [8]

Tarot cards employed the standard Italian suits, with values from 10 to 1 and with four face cards—king, queen, knight, and knave—for a total of 56 cards. Tarot is a game of trick taking, as the many trump cards clearly indicate, and even though there are many variations (mostly minor), the rules of the game likely have not changed significantly since the 15th century.

The Visconti Tarot, the older pack, diverges from the standard: it has as many as six court cards per suit, including a male and female of all ranks.

Before Fortune-Telling: The History and Structure of Tarot Cards
Before Fortune-Telling: The History and Structure of Tarot Cards

This Beautifully Illustrated Tarot Deck Features Malcolm X, Tina Turner, and Other Black Icons [9]

For years, he told Eaton, he’d been wanting to produce a deck of Black Power tarot cards featuring black historical and cultural figures.

This Beautifully Illustrated Tarot Deck Features Malcolm X, Tina Turner, and Other Black Icons
This Beautifully Illustrated Tarot Deck Features Malcolm X, Tina Turner, and Other Black Icons

From The Fool to the World: The History and Folklore of Tarot Cards – #FolkloreThursday [10]

A linked superstition says a tarot reader shouldn’t let others even touch their cards, but having the querent shuffle the cards is an intrinsic part of a reading, so I’ll leave you to figure that one out. It took occultists until the 1780s to discover tarot cards, and the use of tarot for divination is often attributed to Antoine Court de Gébelin. Despite the lack of evidence to support the claim, some writers still believe tarot cards date back to ancient Egypt.

Liz Dean explains that tarot cards may have started life in 1392, after Charles VI of France commissioned a painter to create packs of decorated cards (2019). When you think of tarot cards, do you picture a fortune teller predicting your untimely end in a darkened room? Do you think they’re evil? Thankfully, as you’ll soon discover, the former is unlikely and the latter is simply wrong.

From The Fool to the World: The History and Folklore of Tarot Cards – #FolkloreThursday
From The Fool to the World: The History and Folklore of Tarot Cards – #FolkloreThursday

My Love of Tarot Is a Family Tradition [11]

My grandmother is old-school, meaning she uses a deck of playing cards, not the fanciful and elaborately illustrated tarot decks one sees today.

My Love of Tarot Is a Family Tradition
My Love of Tarot Is a Family Tradition

The origins of Tarot Cards [12]

This ties in with the idea that tarot cards made their way into Europe via Italy and indeed, one of the earliest records we have of trump cards comes from Umbria, Italy. Decker, R & Dummett, M 2013, A History of the Occult Tarot, Duckworth Overlook, London Now that the origins of the tarot cards have been addressed, we can turn our attention to the name of these cards.

Farley, H 2014, Cultural History of Tarot: Entertainment to Esotericism, I.B Tauris, London, viewed 21 September, ProQuest EBook Central As such, it would seem that modern tarot decks are a combination of Persian Mamluk playing cards and trump cards (most likely from Italy).

The origins of Tarot Cards
The origins of Tarot Cards

The woman behind the world’s most famous tarot deck was nearly lost in history [13]

An entire vintage set of Smith’s tarot cards are featured in the Whitney show, along with one of her dreamy watercolor and ink works from 1903 titled “The Wave,” which is now part of the museum’s permanent collection.

The woman behind the world’s most famous tarot deck was nearly lost in history
The woman behind the world’s most famous tarot deck was nearly lost in history

Tarot Card Decks Through History [14]

By time, the differences between playing cards and Tarot divination cards increased — and variations on the theme of the latter multiplied.

Tarot Card Decks Through History
Tarot Card Decks Through History

History of tarot cards, Strange history, Reading tarot cards [15]

Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures.Log inSign upThe Strange History of Tarot | History of tarot cards, Strange history, Reading tarot cards

History of tarot cards, Strange history, Reading tarot cards
History of tarot cards, Strange history, Reading tarot cards

Tarot Heritage [16]

The illustrated HISTORY tells the story of Tarot’s birth in Italy nearly 600 years ago, and how Tarot has evolved during five centuries of travelling the globe.

Tarot Heritage
Tarot Heritage

TAROT: A SHORT HISTORY – BabaBarock, Baba Store [17]

All members were encouraged to produce their own tarot cards, and three of its members went on to create two well-known tarots: Aleister Crowley, author and designer of The Thoth Tarot and A.E.

TAROT: A SHORT HISTORY – BabaBarock, Baba Store
TAROT: A SHORT HISTORY – BabaBarock, Baba Store

History of Tarot Cards: The Mysterious Origins of Tarot Card Meanings — artismymagic [18]

Being the son of a grocer, Etteilla far exceeded his family’s expectations, publishing a book in 1770, long before Court de Gébelin’s theories on Tarot cards had ever appeared. What we do know, is that the historical origin of Tarot was long ago, and it remains a mystery to this day in 2021 how Tarot cards exactly originated. Tarot cards, where did they come from? Who created them? How did people start predicting the future with Tarot card readings in the first place? These are only some of the questions that come up when considering Tarot cards and Tarot card meanings, but what is the true history of Tarot?

Another theory of the origin and history of Tarot cards is a belief held by many intellectuals across late 18th century Europe that there was a distinct link between Egyptian mysticism and Tarot card meanings. Some reports claim that the Tarot deck was created in the 1430’s in Italy and was invented by adding a card to the original deck of playing cards.

History of Tarot Cards: The Mysterious Origins of Tarot Card Meanings — artismymagic
History of Tarot Cards: The Mysterious Origins of Tarot Card Meanings — artismymagic

The History Of Tarot Cards [19]

So, why not get a tarot reading today? As history shows, these cards hold serious power. The meanings of Tarot cards reach across cultural and spiritual boundaries to give each Tarot reader a truly unique reading. Although the links to ancient Egypt might be debatable, there’s no denying Alliette changed the course of tarot card history.

Although Tarot cards have long been hand-painted works of art, the newest decks are bright, flamboyant, and even comical. In fact, the link between tarot cards, especially the Tarot of Marseilles, and the occult became so strong that another deck, known as the Tarot Nouveau, was created for those who just wanted to play a game of cards.

The History Of Tarot Cards
The History Of Tarot Cards

Tarot resurgence is less about occult than fun and self-help – just like throughout history [20]

Faced with the uncertainties of life under lockdown, is it any surprise that many people are turning to methods of fortune telling such as tarot cards? Journalists are often tempted to ask whether this is a resurgence of “pseudoscience”.

Tarot resurgence is less about occult than fun and self-help – just like throughout history
Tarot resurgence is less about occult than fun and self-help – just like throughout history

9 Oldest Tarot Card Decks in the World [21]

Throughout their history, tarot cards have combined astrological, Christian, Jewish, and pagan symbolism, imagery that, over time, gave rise to their association with occult mysteries. The most popular games used a 56-card deck with four suits, not unlike the playing cards of today, but in 1425, an Italian duke commissioned a deck with an extra 22 “trump” cards for a new game called “tarocchi,” and the tarot deck was born.

There is no evidence of this, but it has become ingrained in our understanding of Tarot cards, and many people still believe they originated in ancient Egypt. While the Sola Busca follows the same general makeup of other tarot decks, with 22 trumps and 56 suit cards, it is unusual in that it is illustrated with historical and mythological figures from ancient Rome.

9 Oldest Tarot Card Decks in the World
9 Oldest Tarot Card Decks in the World

Behold the Sola-Busca Tarot Deck, the Earliest Complete Set of Tarot Cards (1490) [22]

Whatever you think of the predictive power of tarot cards, the story of how humanity has produced them and put them to use provides a fascinating cultural history of the last 500 years or so.

Behold the Sola-Busca Tarot Deck, the Earliest Complete Set of Tarot Cards (1490)
Behold the Sola-Busca Tarot Deck, the Earliest Complete Set of Tarot Cards (1490)

History of the Tarot [23]

Legend has it that the history of the Tarot dates back to the first decades of the 13th century when Mediterranean merchants travelled the Silk Road through Asia and Africa, bringing among their belongings the first deck of cards known in the West as “Mamluk” .

History of the Tarot
History of the Tarot

History of Tarot Cards [24]

However, one fact is quite clear – the Tarot is here to stay and more history of Tarot cards is yet to be made! Some scholars suggest that allegory played an enormous role in the history of Tarot cards. By the 1700’s the Tarot cards became more standardized and took on some of the appearances more common to what we see in decks today.

However, the mystery behind the history of Tarot cards is in their origin. The history of Tarot cards is as enthralling and mystifying as the cards themselves.

History of Tarot Cards
History of Tarot Cards

A short history of Tarot – Laughing Eye Weeping Eye Divination [25]

There are a number of scholars on Tarot that have already written on the subject of Tarot history, and have done so quite extensively. Instead of recreating the same info, this post is an attempt to summarize the history of Tarot with visual references.

In the early 80’s Rachel Pollack published a book about the Tarot and its archetypal wisdom; she is considered the Mother of Modern Tarot, bridging the ideas between the Golden Dawn, Jung, and further exploring mythologies and archetypes within the cards.

A short history of Tarot – Laughing Eye Weeping Eye Divination
A short history of Tarot – Laughing Eye Weeping Eye Divination

Tarot Egyptiens: Anima Antiqua : Lo Scarabeo: Amazon.sg: Books [26]

The French style of art and symbolism blends in with an Egyptian and classical style, while the cards follow the insightful meanings that the French tarot readers gave to them.

Tarot Egyptiens: Anima Antiqua : Lo Scarabeo: Amazon.sg: Books
Tarot Egyptiens: Anima Antiqua : Lo Scarabeo: Amazon.sg: Books

Major Arcana Two Major Arcana from a eighteenth century French deck of the Marseilles the Juggler and The Lady Pope From C P Hargraves A History of Playing Cards 1930 edition Stock Photo [27]

Tarot Cards – Major Arcana Two Major Arcana from a eighteenth century French deck of the Marseilles the Juggler and The Lady Pope From C P Hargraves A History of Playing Cards 1930 edition

Major Arcana Two Major Arcana from a eighteenth century French deck of the Marseilles the Juggler and The Lady Pope From C P Hargraves A History of Playing Cards 1930 edition Stock Photo
Major Arcana Two Major Arcana from a eighteenth century French deck of the Marseilles the Juggler and The Lady Pope From C P Hargraves A History of Playing Cards 1930 edition Stock Photo

Nguồn bài viết tham khảo

  1. https://www.collectorsweekly.com/articles/the-surprising-origins-of-tarot-most-misunderstood-cards/
  2. https://www.learnreligions.com/a-brief-history-of-tarot-2562770
  3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarot
  4. https://mymodernmet.com/history-of-tarot-cards/
  5. https://www.novinite.com/articles/204981/The+Complete+History+of+Tarot+Cards
  6. https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/sola-busca
  7. https://www.treehousesociety.org/blog/history-of-tarot-cards
  8. https://www.metmuseum.org/blogs/in-season/2016/tarot
  9. https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/08/black-power-tarot-cards-from-king-khan-alejandro-jodorowsky-and-michael-eaton-feature-prominent-black-historical-and-cultural-figures.html
  10. https://folklorethursday.com/folklife/from-the-fool-to-the-world-the-history-and-folklore-of-tarot-cards/
  11. https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a23318610/my-love-of-tarot-is-a-family-tradition/
  12. https://www.paganawareness.net.au/the-origins-of-tarot-cards/
  13. https://kesq.com/entertainment/cnn-style/2022/05/12/the-woman-behind-the-worlds-most-famous-tarot-deck-was-nearly-lost-in-history/
  14. https://www.tarotcardmeanings.net/tarot-card-decks.htm
  15. https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/428404983310043355/sent/?invite_code=b5e826f592ac4ae2b894e8c52bd1f307&sender=428405120712073077&sfo=1
  16. https://tarot-heritage.com/
  17. https://baba-store.com/pages/tarot-a-short-history
  18. https://artismymagic.com/blog/history-of-tarot-cards-origins-of-tarot-card-meanings
  19. https://www.techbuzzer.org/tarot-cards/
  20. https://theconversation.com/tarot-resurgence-is-less-about-occult-than-fun-and-self-help-just-like-throughout-history-139448
  21. https://www.oldest.org/entertainment/tarot-card-decks/
  22. https://www.openculture.com/2019/04/behold-the-sola-busca-tarot-deck-the-earliest-complete-set-of-tarot-cards-1490.html
  23. https://www.hamsatarot.com/tarot/tarot-history/
  24. https://www.tarotteachings.com/history-of-tarot-cards.html
  25. https://www.rebeccaschoenecker.com/divination/a-short-history-of-tarot/
  26. https://www.amazon.sg/Tarot-Egyptiens-Antiqua-Lo-Scarabeo/dp/0738760595
  27. https://www.alamy.com/tarot-cards-major-arcana-two-major-arcana-from-a-eighteenth-century-french-deck-of-the-marseilles-the-juggler-and-the-lady-pope-from-c-p-hargraves-a-history-of-playing-cards-1930-edition-image179627118.html

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